1/2+2/2^2+3/2^3……+n/2^n

P=1/2+2/2^2+3/2^3……+n/2^n
P/2=1/2^2+2/2^3+3/2^4……+n/2^(n+1)
p-p/2=1/2+1/2^2+1/2^3……+1/2^n-n/2^(n+1)
=1-1/2^n-n/2^(n+1)

1^2+2^2+3^2+……+n^2=n(n+1)(2n+1)/6

利用立方差公式
n^3-(n-1)^3=1*[n^2+(n-1)^2+n(n-1)]
=n^2+(n-1)^2+n^2-n
=2*n^2+(n-1)^2-n

2^3-1^3=2*2^2+1^2-2
3^3-2^3=2*3^2+2^2-3
4^3-3^3=2*4^2+3^2-4
......
n^3-(n-1)^3=2*n^2+(n-1)^2-n

各等式全相加
n^3-1^3=2*(2^2+3^2+...+n^2)+[1^2+2^2+...+(n-1)^2]-(2+3+4+...+n)

n^3-1=2*(1^2+2^2+3^2+...+n^2)-2+[1^2+2^2+...+(n-1)^2+n^2]-n^2-(2+3+4+...+n)

n^3-1=3*(1^2+2^2+3^2+...+n^2)-2-n^2-(1+2+3+...+n)+1

n^3-1=3(1^2+2^2+...+n^2)-1-n^2-n(n+1)/2

3(1^2+2^2+...+n^2)=n^3+n^2+n(n+1)/2=(n/2)(2n^2+2n+n+1)
=(n/2)(n+1)(2n+1)

1^2+2^2+3^2+...+n^2=n(n+1)(2n+1)/6

1^3+2^3+3^3+……+n^3=[n(n+1)/2]^2

(n+1)^4-n^4=[(n+1)^2+n^2][(n+1)^2-n^2]
=(2n^2+2n+1)(2n+1)
=4n^3+6n^2+4n+1